Lucerne - Medicago sativa subsp. sativa

Description

Medium to tall, hairy plant erect to spreading. Flowers blue-violet 7 to 11 mm, in rather short racemes.   Pod spiralled.

Similar Species

There are several other subspecies of Medicago sativa, which may have different colour flowers (white, green, purple, yellow, blackish) and slight differences in the fruits. 

Identification difficulty
ID checklist (your specimen should have all of these features)

According to Stace (4th edition), the fruit is spiralled in 2-3 (4) compete turns, more or less closed in the centre

Recording advice

A good photo showing the plant with flowers and leaves is needed.

Habitat

Waysides - and often in and around the margins of fields where the crop has been grown previously and has persisted.

When to see it

June and July.

Life History

Perennial widely cultivated as Alfalfa - Many records probably relate to remnants and escapes from previous crops.

UK Status

Most records come from Central and Southern England, scarce in North Western Britain.

VC55 Status

Fairly frequent in Leicestershire and Rutland, sometimes residual from crops and persisting. In the 1979 Flora survey of Leicestershire it was found in 55 of the 617 tetrads.

Leicestershire & Rutland Map

MAP KEY:

Yellow squares = NBN records (all known data)
Coloured circles = NatureSpot records: 2025+ | 2020-2024 | pre-2020

UK Map

Species profile

Common names
Lucerne, Alfalfa
Species group:
Wildflowers
Kingdom:
Plantae
Order:
Fabales
Family:
Fabaceae
Records on NatureSpot:
36
First record:
29/08/2007 (Calow, Graham)
Last record:
01/08/2025 (Calow, Graham)

Total records by month

% of records within its species group

10km squares with records

The latest images and records displayed below include those awaiting verification checks so we cannot guarantee that every identification is correct. Once accepted, the record displays a green tick.

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Latest images

Latest records

Photo of the association

Agromyza frontella

The larva of the Agromyzid fly Agromyza frontella mines the leaves of various Leguminosae such as Clovers, Melilot and Lucerne. It starts as a linear mine. usually running towards the tip of the leaf then turning back a into a blotch in the midrib area.  Frequently, no blotch is formed. 

Photo of the association

Agromyza nana

The larva of the Agromyzid fly Agromyza nana mines the leaves of Clovers and other species in the Leguminosae family. The mines have a short, broad gallery leading to a conspicuous, roundish white blotch in the centre of the leaf. The blotch is on the upper surface with some deep areas often containing frass.